Phases,+the+Magic+7+and+Chemical+Word+Equation

=PHASES, THE MAGIC 7 AND CHEMICAL WORD EQUATION = = = __DEFINITION__ __**PHASE**__--- *a physically distinctive form of matter, such as a solid, liquid, gas or plasma. __**PRECIPITATE**__--- * a solid formed when two liquid or aqueous solutions react. __**AQUEOUS**__--- * a term used to describe a system which involves water. It is also applied to a solution or mixture in which the water is the solvent. __**CRYSTALS**__--- * a subtance in which the constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are packed in a regularly ordered, repeating three-dimensional pattern. Most crystals are solid.
 * __WORD EQUATION__**--- * describe chemical reactions with words.

__**POWDERS**__ ---* a dry substance in the form of very small grains.

__PHASES__
 * The phases of chemicals are shown by including the following symbols in parentheses immediately after the chemical formula. ** (P113 in the textbook)

**S ** =__ Solid __ -**L **= __ Liquid __ -**G ** =__ Gas __ --**AQ **= __Aqueous__ (which means dissolved in water)

EX. Na(s) Hg(l) &H 2 O(l)- Cl 2 (g) & (O 2 ) ---CaCl 2 (aq)
 * " Crystals ", " <span style="background-color: #96fd96; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">powder <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">" and " <span style="background-color: #96fd96; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">precipitate <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">" all mean the phase of __SOLID__. **

EX. AgNO3(aq)+NaCl(aq)---> NaNO3(aq)+AgCl(s) __ DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTION __ (P113 from the Hebden textbook)
Silver nitrate and Sodium chloride react to produce Sodium nitrate and Sinver choloride <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;"> (above equation means silver nitrate and sodium chloride are dissolved in water to produce a solution of sodium nitrate and solid silver chloride) <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;"> <span style="color: #f7854a; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;">**Sulphuric acid and Sodium hydroxide react to produce Sodium sulphate and water** (<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;"> the above equation means that sulphurous acid(AN ACID) and sodium sulphate(A BASE) are dissolved in water to produce a solution of sodium sulphate and liquid water)
 * H** **<span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%; vertical-align: sub;">2 <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;">SO <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%; vertical-align: sub;">4 <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;">(aq)+NaOH(aq)--->Na <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%; vertical-align: sub;">2 <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;">SO <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%; vertical-align: sub;">4 <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;">(aq)+H <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%; vertical-align: sub;">2 <span style="color: #0069ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;">O(l) <span style="background-color: #96fd96; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;">__NEUTRALIZATION REACTION__ **

<span style="color: #ff00ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 140%;">__**MAGIC 7**__

<span style="color: #f7854a; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">**There are seven diatomic elements "in the shape of a seven plus one." to form __diatomic molecules__ **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">(molecules composed of two atoms).

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">The elements in <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 130%;">**PURPLE** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">are the MAGIC 7 GROUP. The elements H, N, O, F Cl, Br and I are arranged in the shape of a "7". ( Element H) is an exception). Usually they are shown as <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 130%;">**N 2, O 2 , H 2 , F 2 , Cl 2 , Br 2 and I 2 ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">**.**



<span style="color: #ff00ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">__**References:**__ [] [] [] [] [] Hebden Textbook P113-114